通过在线条件监控管理变形金刚的寿命成本

资产所有权的总成本越来越成为电力变压器所有者的重要措施。尽管运营预算变得更加紧密，但该行业面临着管理新设备资本支出的竞争需求。这使维护团队的责任重新延长了资产的使用寿命，同时控制并防止意外的维修和更换成本，这将扩大预算。

采用清晰且计划完好的操作和维护方法（O＆M）可以帮助Power Transformers的所有者在其资产的一生中正确管理成本。适当的计划应广泛概述其目的和目标，并考虑监视资产和维护资产的最佳方法，因为各种方法之间可能存在很大的成本差异。

寿命更长，平均成本较低

To illustrate, while the average lifetime of a power transformer is around 40 years, for individual this can vary by up to +/- 15 years. Though the upfront cost of a transformer represents only part of the total lifetime cost of ownership, which should also include maintenance, repair and replacement. Calculating these across the 55-year lifecycle of a well-maintained transformer as opposed to across a shorten 25 year lifetime can make a significant difference.

同样，正确获取石油监测方法可以节省大量的运营成本。溶解气体分析（DGA）的在线监测方法在变压器操作过程中连续从变压器油中收集有关预警指标的数据。经过适当分析的这些额外数据比偶尔通过进行手动抽样的技术人员在访问期间收集的有限数据提供了对资产绩效和健康的更深入的了解。

With the information from online DGA monitoring teams can identify which transformers are developing faults much earlier and prioritise maintenance for those assets, fitting it into operational windows to minimise costs and reduce revenue losses.

Using continuous data to plan condition-based maintenance not only makes managing resources simpler and cheaper, but can also extend asset lifetimes by allowing operations managers to manage transformer loading until an appropriate maintenance window can be reached. The alternative, a time-based maintenance programme, uses resource to carry out maintenance that may not be needed, and forces assets offline when it is not necessary. (as illustrated in figure 1)

隐藏的维护成本

变压器在线解散气体分析（DGA）监测的四十多年寿命可以帮助管理和延长寿命。与实验室测试相比，在线技术为资产的健康和绩效提供了更多的洞察力和更大的控制权，但并非所有在线监视器都是平等的，终身成本可能会有很大差异。特别是，一些从实验室移植的监测技术可以拥有高度复杂的维护需求。

除了获得在线状况监视器的简单成本外，监视器还可能具有“隐藏成本”。根据技术的不同，这些可能包括校准，可消耗品的补充以及组件的维修和维护。尤其是气相色谱和光声光谱，更快地佩戴需要注意的组件和消耗品。其他非分散红外技术，其中包括Opt100监视器，设计和构建旨在在其运营寿命上免费维护。（如图2所示）

平衡概率和后果

采用在线监控和基于条件的维护方法的真正节省成本是以其预防的损失的形式出现的。尽管变形金刚的灾难性失败的可能性很小，但对于大多数资产所有者而言，与简单资产监控活动的成本相比，这种失败的后果将不成比例。

变压器的故障会导致在网络上下撞击效果的传输中断，因为资产所有者会产生无法传递的权力成本，如果没有产生电力，则损失。

A simple example of how these choices can benefit operational and capital budgets can be illustrate with a Vaisala case study involving a 100MVA transformer. Rapidly-developing insulation damage in this transformer threaten to escalate into a costly unplanned outage. However, using online condition monitoring the team were able to catch the fault early and deal with it at a cost of €55,000. In comparison, the cost of renewing the insulation is estimated at around €150,000. Because the maintenance team are able to identify the fault early and make plans to deal with it, the savings in repair the repairs took only 10 days, instead of a more typical 30. Associated costs savings with this operation include the increased cost of maintenance operations, and a minimisation of operational losses during the time the asset was offline.

When considering transformer maintenance approaches and balancing up its benefits, asset owner’s should take a lifetime costs approach. This should consider all the savings that can be directly attributed to the influence of online condition monitoring technology on maintenance planning and execution.
Read more of Vaisala Online DGA Monitors

Teemu Hanninen
产品经理